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Lethal ovitrap
A lethal ovitrap is a device used to trap and contain insect eggs, halting the insect's lifecycle in the process. The original use of ovitraps was to monitor the spread and density of ''Aedes'' and other container-breeding mosquito populations. Since its conception, researchers found that adding lethal substances to the ovitraps could control the populations of these targeted species. These traps are called lethal ovitraps. They primarily target ''Aedes aegypti'' and ''Aedes albopictus'' mosquitoes, which are the main vectors of dengue fever, west Nile virus, yellow fever, and chikungunya.
Lethal ovitraps can either contain substances that prevent eggs inside the trap from hatching (larvicidal ovitraps), or substances that kill the adult mosquito when she enters, along with any eggs inside (adulticidal ovitraps). While larvicidal ovitraps only provide population control, adulticidal ovitraps also shorten the life of potentially disease-carrying mosquitoes, so it is harder for them to pass along these diseases.
Lethal ovitraps use less amounts of harmful chemicals than pesticide spraying or “fogging”. They provide isolated spaces where mosquitoes, not humans and other wildlife, will find these pesticides, instead of broadcasting them into the environment. Harsher pesticides with less mosquito resistance can be used in these traps because the spaces are so isolated. This allows for better mosquito control with less pesticide use.
== How it works ==
These dark, water-filled containers mimic the breeding site of container-breeding mosquitoes including the ''Aedes'' species. They prefer to lay their eggs in small man-made containers that hold standing water including rain buckets, flower pots, old tires, gutters, the leaf axils of plants, and even discarded bottles, cans, and other trash. These mosquitoes may visit on average 12 or more sites per egg-laying cycle 〔Reiter, P., M. A. Amador, R. A. Anderson, and G. G. Clark. 1995. Short report: dispersal of ''Aedes aegypti'' in an urban area after blood feeding as demonstrated by rubidium-marked eggs. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 52: 177-179.〕 in an act called “skip-oviposition”. This ensures as many eggs as possible will survive if the breeding sites are damaged or dried up. Because these mosquitoes jump from breeding site to breeding site, the chances that they will find an ovitrap are extremely high, almost certain if enough ovitraps are placed around natural breeding sites.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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